Pricing carbon is one of the most powerful and efficient strategies that governments and businesses are using to respond to climate change. The principle is simple: put a price on carbon pollution to account for the impacts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that stem from the economic choices made by both producers and consumers. An accurate price signal for carbon will spur businesses, investors and individual consumers to switch their preferences from emissions-intensive industries, processes and practices to low-carbon, climate resilient alternatives.