Global temperatures have increased at an unprecedented pace in the past 40 years. This paper finds that increases in temperature have uneven macroeconomic effects, with adverse consequences concentrated in countries with hot climates, such as most low-income countries. In these countries, a rise in temperature lowers per capita output, in both the short and medium term, through a wide array of channels: reduced agricultural output, suppressed productivity of workers exposed to heat, slower investment, and poorer health.

Rapid urbanization and economic growth, new demographic trends, and climate change are key challenges that developing countries must face as they strive to meet growing energy demand. The main objectives of this study are to offer: (a) a global taxonomy of the economic and financial incentives provided by renewable support schemes and (b) an economic modeling of the sustainability and affordability of such support schemes.

The report presents a systematic view of progress toward sustainable finance among the emerging economies represented by SBN. It is based on a unique measurement framework to assess sustainable finance initiatives across emerging markets. The Global Progress Report was informed by country progress reports that were prepared for 15 SBN members implementing sustainable finance policy initiatives.

This paper describes the opportunities and costs associated with the development of monitoring approaches for national climate change public finance. It describes a leading example of climate change budget tracking, summarises five tools that can support climate change financial monitoring, and identifies key enabling conditions for its effective application. The opportunity to apply these tools in non-Annex I countries is briefly described, along with a closer look at Costa Rica as a country with strong potential for effective tracking.

This paper responds to the request of G20 Finance Ministers in exploring scaled up finance for climate change adaptation and mitigation in developing countries. In so doing it builds upon and extends the work of last year‘s U.N. Secretary-General‘s High Level Advisory Group on Climate Change Financing (AGF). Its starting point is the commitment made in the Copenhagen Accord and Cancun Agreements on the part of developed countries to provide new and additional resources for climate change activities in developing countries.

This Note outlines the core elements, processes, workfows, and outputs of a  Climate Change Financing Framework (CCFF). This is achieved by reviewing the roles and value-added aspects that a CCFF plays in facilitating a whole of government response to the challenges presented by climate change.

Greening the economy involves improving the quality of the environment and tackling climate change, and is a major policy, economic and financial challenge. Key issues that have emerged in this context relate to financing climate change mitigation and adaptation and how to close the financing gap to fund the needed low-carbon investments.

Climate Policy Initiative’s 2017 edition of the Global Landscape of Climate Financeupdates the most comprehensive assessment of annual climate finance flows with data from 2015 and 2016, providing, for the first time, a five-year trend analysis on the how, where, and from whom finance is flowing toward low-carbon and climate-resilient actions globally in order to identify trends, gaps, and opportunities to scale up investment.

The G20 Green Finance Study Group (‘GFSG’ or ‘Study Group’) aims to “identify institutional and market barriers to green finance, and based on country experiences, develop options on how to enhance the ability of the financial system to mobilize private capital for green investment”.

Multilateral climate funds play a key role in using public finance to help drive the economic and societal transformation necessary to address climate change. There is growing pressure for policymakers to make the architecture of funds more effective and coherent. This report examines seven key multilateral climate funds and recommends operational and architectural reforms to improve their ability to deliver low-emissions and climate-resilient development.